Causes, Symptoms, and Safe Removal

Tonsil stones, also known as tonsilloliths, are small yellow or white lumps that form in the crevices of the tonsils. They are made up of bacteria, food particles, mucus, and dead cells that get trapped and harden over time. Though usually harmless, they can cause discomfort and bad breath.

Common symptoms include bad breath, a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, or a feeling that something is stuck in the throat. Some people also experience ear pain or notice white spots at the back of the mouth.

The main causes include poor oral hygiene, chronic tonsillitis, smoking, and sinus infections. People with larger tonsil crypts are more likely to develop them.

To remove tonsil stones safely, gargle with warm salt water, use a cotton swab to gently dislodge visible stones, or visit an ENT specialist for professional removal. Avoid using sharp tools, as this can injure your throat.

Prevent tonsil stones by maintaining good oral hygiene, staying hydrated, and treating any throat or sinus infections promptly.

If tonsil stones keep recurring or cause pain and swelling, consult a doctor — sometimes a tonsillectomy may be needed.