Scientists Have

Scientists have discovered a distant object named Ammonite, a 380-kilometer-wide sednoid with an elongated orbit. Found using Hawaii’s Subaru Telescope, Ammonite joins a rare group of space fossils that preserve clues from the solar system’s early days, challenging existing theories about its formation and the influence of distant stellar encounters

An illustration of the distant Solar System object)AI-generated illustration by Ying-Tung Chen (ASIAA
The recent discovery of Ammonite has helped answer some long-standing questions scientists had about the outer solar system—but it has also raised a few new ones.

“In recent years, spacecrafts have been sent to various small bodies in the Solar System for close observation and sample collection. However, these spacecrafts have only explored limited regions of the Solar System,” said Dr. Fumi Yoshida, who leads the FOSSIL project—short for Formation of the Outer Solar System: An Icy Legacy. Dr. Yoshida is affiliated with both the University of Occupational and Environmental Health and the Chiba Institute of Technology.

“Most of the vast Solar System remains unexplored. Wide-field observations with the Subaru Telescope are steadily pushing back the frontier,” the scientist added, highlighting just how important wide-field telescopes like Subaru are in these efforts.

The telescope detected the object during three separate observations in 2023—in March, May, and August—right near the outer boundary of the solar system. Later, in July of that same year, researchers were able to confirm both the object’s existence and its orbital path. Based on their estimates, Ammonite is somewhere between 220 and 380 kilometers wide.

After spotting the object, the team searched through archived data and discovered Ammonite had actually been seen before. They traced sightings back to 2021, 2014, and even as far back as 2005 when it was captured by the Kitt Peak National Observatory. These earlier observations helped verify the new findings.

Ammonite has been trackedNAOJ/ASIAA

“Ammonite’s unusual orbit challenges the Planet Nine theory, suggesting a more complex outer solar system. With 19 years of data, researchers found its path doesn’t align with other sednoids. This hints that a hidden planet may never have existed—or was ejected long ago, reshaping distant orbital dynamics.

The hypothetical Planet NineGetty Stock Image

“At present, the Subaru Telescope is among the few telescopes on Earth capable of making such discoveries. I would be happy if the FOSSIL team could make many more discoveries like this one and help draw a complete picture of the history of the Solar System.”

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